Ecuador     [43]
(Independent in 1822 from Spain)
ISO COUNTRY CODE: EC
LAND AREA: 461475 sq. km
NUMBER OF ISLANDS BY SIZE (sq. km):

>17,000	>10,000	>1,000	>100	>10	>1	<1	Unknown	TOTAL
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	14

DEMOGRAPHY
  POPULATION: 11698000 (1996)
  DENSITY: 25 persons/sq. km    GROWTH RATE: 3%/year
  POP AGR/FISH/MINING: 33%
  URBAN POP: 58% (1994), versus 34% (1960), Annual Growth: 3.3%
  LIFE EXPECTANCY: 69.3 years,  ADULT LITERACY: 89.6%
  INFANT MORTALITY: 47 per/1000 (1994), versus 124 (1960)
  HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: 0.775

ECONOMY
  GNP: US$14.7 billion, Annual GNP Growth Rate 1980-1993: 2.6%
  GDP/Capita: $1241  GDP/Capita PPP: $4626
  GDP/Capita: 1960 $0, 1970 $668, 1980 $1226, 1990 $1170
  OVERSEAS DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE: $235 million  ODA%GNP: 1.5%
  ODA/Capita: $21

ENVIRONMENT (see also individual islands)
  TOTAL FOREST AREA: 11137,000 ha, 40.2% of land area, 1.0 ha/capita
  NATURAL FOREST AREA: 11092,000 ha
  ARABLE LAND: 5.7% of land area
NATURE CONSERVATION INTEREST:

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
  ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION: 728 kw-hr/capita, versus 159 kw-hr/cap (1970)
  TRADITIONAL FUEL CONSUMPTION: 23% (1993), versus 42% (1973)
  INTERNAL RENEWABLE WATER RESOURCES: 27.4,000 cu.m/cap/year
  SEAFOOD CONSUMPTION (1990-92): 10 kg/cap/year

INSTITUTIONS
GOVERNMENT ENVIRONMENT/SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY: