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ISLAND DIRECTORY
Islands of Equatorial Guinea
Bioko (Fernando Po) [594]
Group:
Country: Equatorial Guinea Region: Tropical Africa
Lat: 3.50º N Long : 8.70º E
Area: 1935.0 sq. km Altitude: 3008 m
Shoreline: 207.8 km (scale 1:1000000) Coastal Index: 0.1074
Depth to nearest land: <200 m
Nearest island: 32 km group: 32 km
Nearest continent: Africa Distance: 32 km Isolation Index: 17
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 0
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Two volcanic formations over 2000 m separated by a valley at 800 m, flat
coast
1-2 km wide except high rugged coast to south; formerly linked to
mainland
CLIMATE: wet tropical 17-34øC, 2000 mm up to 11000mm
ECOSYSTEMS:
Originally rainforest apart from montane grassland on summit of Pico de
Santa
Isabel; in 1986, 47% (950 sq.km) forest, 10% (200 sq.km) woodland, dwarf
scrub
(10 sq.km), 20% (400 sq.km) mixed primary and secondary vegetation, 2%
coastal
swamps; small area of mangroves, some rich coral communities but no
reefs Mangroves
Percent of land: Forested: 47% Developed: 20% Degraded: 0%
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
1105 |
75 |
0 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
84 |
2 |
0 |
| Land birds |
140 |
1 |
0 |
| Mammals |
65 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Plants:
1105 species, endemism 4-9%
Reptiles/Amphibians:
52 reptiles, 1 endemic
Scelotes poensis (Skink) endemic
32 amphibians, 1 endemic
Schistometopum garzonheydti (caecilian) endemic
Birds:
140 resident species and 44 migrants, 1 endemic
Speirops brunneus (Fernando Po Speirops) endemic, above 1900 m on
Santa
Isabel, common but vulnerable to habitat clearance
Apus sladeniae (Fernando Po Swift) known from only 10 specimens,
K(status
unKnown)
Nectarinia olivacea obscura (Olive Sunbird) group endemic subspecies,
common
Fishes:
12 indigenous freshwater fish
Marine life:
major turtle nesting area for West Africa on 20 km of south coast, but
population declining from heavy collecting
Chelonia mydas (Green Turtle) Endangered
Eretmochelys imbricata (Hawksbill Turtle) Endangered
SPECIES RICHNESS:
Species Richness Indicator - Terrestrial: 6 Marine: 0
rich
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 3 Group: 3
Marine endemic species: 0
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 0
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 0
major turtle nesting area
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 2
cats, rats, squirrels
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited, capital (Malabo)
Population: 60000 (1983) Density: 31.0 persons/sq. km
Growth Rate: 2.1%/yr Increasing
Major Human Activities: cocoa, timber, coffee
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Most lowland rainforest cleared for cultivation, but much pasture and
plantation land abandoned and reverting to secondary forest; cocoa and
bananas
cultivated
Habitat: Urban Pop: 22000 Urban Indicator: 3
Accessibility: port, airport
Percent population in agr/mining/fishing: 76% Human Threat Indicator: 3
Gross Domestic Product: $ 250 per capita Economic Pressure Indicator: 0
DATA RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 2
HUMAN IMPACT INDEX HI: 11
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 24 Very high
CI-Marine: 0 Low
REFERENCES:
Johnson, Timothy H. 1989. Unpublished ICBP profiles of Atlantic
islands.
Jones, P.J. and Tye, A. 1988. A survey of the avifauna of Sao Tome and
Principe. International Council for Bird Preservation, Cambridge,
U.K.
Study Report No. 24. 64 p.
Last updated: 15/09/90
Corisco [1586]
Group:
Country: Equatorial Guinea: Atlantic
Lat: 0.92º NLong: 9.30º E Region: Tropical Africa
Area: 0.0 sq. km Altitude: ? m
ISLAND TYPE:
Elobey Grande [1587]
- including Elobey Chico
Group:
Country: Equatorial Guinea: Atlantic
Lat: 1.02º NLong: 9.48º E Region: Tropical Africa
Area: 0.0 sq. km Altitude: ? m
ISLAND TYPE:
Pagalu (Annobon) [1190]
Group:
Country: Equatorial Guinea Region: Tropical Africa
Lat: 1.40º S Long : 5.63º E
Area: 15.7 sq. km Altitude: 654 m
Shoreline: 17.5 km (scale 1:1000000) Coastal Index: 1.1146
Depth to nearest land: 2000 m
Nearest island: 180 km group: 180 km
Nearest continent: Africa Distance: 340 km Isolation Index: 45
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 0
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Volcanic peak with 4 summits, deep valleys and precipitous terrain,
crater
lake at 270 m, about 1 km diameter and 3-4 m deep
CLIMATE: wet seasonal tropical mean 17-32øC, 1000 mm
ECOSYSTEMS: Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 6 Marine: 1
Lowland and submontane rainforest originally over whole island, replaced
in
northern coastal lowlands by savanna grasslands with cultivation; dry
coastal
vegetation on calcareous sand, dry scrub forest with Steganthus, dry
woodland,
mist forest above 500 m, crater lake; some rich coral communities Forest
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
0 |
17 |
0 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
1 |
0 |
| Land birds |
0 |
1 |
0 |
| Mammals |
0 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Plants:
17 endemic species plus 8 endemic to Gulf of Guinea islands
Fishes:
3 species in crater lake
Reptiles/Amphibians:
3 endemic reptiles
Hemidactylus aporus (Gecko) endemic
Hemidactylus newtoni (Gecko) endemic
Panaspis annobonensis (scincid) endemic
Lygodactylus thomensis (Gecko) group endemic to Sao Tome, Principe and
Pagalu
no endemic amphibians
Birds:
Zosterops griseovirescens (Pagalu White-eye) endemic, abundant
Columba malherbii (Sao Tome Bronze-naped Pigeon) group endemic,
abundant in
forest at 400-500 m
extensive seabird rookeries on cliffs and offshore islets
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 2 Group: 3
Marine endemic species: 0
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 0
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 0 Marine: 0
seabird rookeries
crater lake
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 2
cats and rats
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 1900 (1983) Density: 121.0 persons/sq. km
Growth Rate: 2.1%/yr Increasing
Major Human Activities: artisanal tuna fishery, subsistence agriculture
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Lowland cleared in north, light coconut and cassava cultivation;
proposed site
for 2 million drums of British toxic waste (1988)
Percent population in agr/mining/fishing: 76% Human Threat Indicator: 3
Gross Domestic Product: $ 250 per capita Economic Pressure Indicator: 0
DATA RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 2
HUMAN IMPACT INDEX HI: 10
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 7 Moderate
CI-Marine: 1 Low
REFERENCES:
Johnson, Timothy H. 1989. Unpublished ICBP profiles of Atlantic
islands.
Jones, P.J. and Tye, A. 1988. A survey of the avifauna of Sao Tome and
Principe. International Council for Bird Preservation, Cambridge,
U.K.
Study Report No. 24. 64 p.
Last updated: 15/09/90
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Page last updated: 09/05/10