Dahl Web Site
ISLAND DIRECTORY
Islands of New Zealand
Adams [1226]
Group: Archipelago: Auckland Islands
Country: New Zealand - Auckland Islands
Lat: 50.88º S Long : 166.07º E
Area: 97.3 sq. km Altitude: 668 m
Shoreline: 61.3 km (scale 1:1000000) Coastal Index: 0.6300
Depth to nearest land: >201 m
Nearest island: 2 km group: 460 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1900 km Isolation Index: 66
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 1
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Steep cliffs to south, old volcanic lava and scoria
CLIMATE: wet cool temperate mean 8øC, 1500-2000 mm
ECOSYSTEMS: Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 6 Marine: 2
SPECIES OF CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Plants:
rich herbaceous flora
Invertebrates:
several hundred species, high group endemism
Birds:
several group endemics
SPECIES RICHNESS:
Species Richness Indicator - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 0
poor
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 2
Marine endemic species: 0
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 0
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 2 Marine: 0
seabird rookery, seal rookery
significant herbaceous flora
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 3
sheep and goats
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited, ?
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Major Human Activities: scientific research
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Conservation support: tenure, government and public support, legislation
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 97.3 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
Auckland Islands Nature Reserve (9730 ha)
DATA RELIABILITY: good Data Rel. Indicator: 3
HUMAN IMPACT INDEX HI: 3
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 8 Moderate
CI-Marine: 2 Low
REFERENCES:
Last updated: 30/06/89
Antipodes - including Bollons, Archway, Leeward [1223]
Group: Archipelago: Antipodes Islands
Country: New Zealand
Lat: 49.70º S Long : 178.77º E
Area: 20.5 sq. km Altitude: 402 m
Shoreline: 23.0 km (scale 1:300000) Coastal Index: 1.1220
Depth to nearest land: 1000 m
Nearest island: 200 km group: 850 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2550 km Isolation Index: 94
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 5
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Steep coastal cliffs to 150 m high, central undulating plateau with
volcanic
cones, dissected by deep gullies; remnants of an extensive submerged
volcanic
pile, basaltic lava with pyroclastic debris, some phosphate rich peat
soils
CLIMATE: moderate cool temperate mean 8øC, 1000-1500 mm
ECOSYSTEMS: Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 5 Marine: 1
Tussock grassland in coastal areas, ferns inland, scrub with ferns in
gullies
and on high sheltered slopes, sedge bogs, mosses and lichens in upper
areas;
rocky coast with kelp beds (Durvillea)
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
64 |
4 |
0 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
4 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
7 |
4 |
0 |
| Mammals |
2 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Plants:
46 flowering plants (4 endemic), 18 ferns, 23 bryophytes, 15 mosses
Gentiana antipoda (herb) endemic
Senecio antipodus (herb) endemic
Stellaria decipiens, endemic variety
Coprosma antipoda (shrub) endemic
Invertebrates:
High endemism
50 insects, 6 spiders, 1 amphipod
4 molluscs
Birds:
25 breeding birds, 7 terrestrial, 4 endemic
Coencorypha aucklandica meinertzhagenae (Antipodes Island Snipe)
endemic
Anthus novaeseelandiae steindachneri (Antipodes Island Pipit) endemic
Cyanoramphus unicolor (Antipodes Island Parakeet) endemic
Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae hochstetteri (Antipodes Red-crowned
Parakeet)
endemic
Mammals:
Mirounga leonina (Southern Elephant Seal) breeds
Arctocephalus forsteri (New Zealand Fur Seal) no longer breeds
SPECIES RICHNESS:
Species Richness Indicator - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 0
poor
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 2 Group: 2
moderate
Marine endemic species: 0
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 0
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 2 Marine: 0
seabird/penguin rookery, seal rookery
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 0
2 surviving introductions, mice and grass
One alien plant, Poa annua
One alien mammal, Mus musculus
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited, occasional research expeditions
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Major Human Activities: nature conservation, scientific research
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Sealing in early 1800s decimated populations, now recovering but fur
seals
still not breeding; attempted introductions of domestic animals and
plants
largely failed; entry now strictly controlled
Conservation support: tenure, government and public support, legislation
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 20.5 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
Antipodes Islands Nature Reserve (2100 ha)
DATA RELIABILITY: good Data Rel. Indicator: 3
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 20 Very high
CI-Marine: 6 Moderate
REFERENCES:
Clark, M.R. and Dingwall, P.R. 1985. Conservation of islands in the
Southern
Ocean: a review of the protected areas of Insulantarctica. IUCN,
Gland and
Cambridge. 193 p.
Last updated: 30/06/89
Auckland - including Dundas, Ewing, Rose [835]
Group: Archipelago: Auckland Islands
Country: New Zealand - Auckland Islands
Lat: 50.68º S Long : 166.15º E
Area: 442.5 sq. km Altitude: 664 m
Shoreline: 259.7 km (scale 1:1000000) Coastal Index: 0.5869
Depth to nearest land: >201 m
Nearest island: 400 km group: 460 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1900 km Isolation Index: 85
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 4
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Steep cliffs to west, bays and inlets to east; Oligocene/Miocene
volcanic lava
and scoria, basement granites 95 million years old, widespread peat
soils
CLIMATE: wet cool temperate mean 8øC, 1500-2000 mm
ECOSYSTEMS: Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 6 Marine: 2
Southern rata (Metrosideros) forest below 50 m, scrub, sedge bogs,
tussock
grassland above 300 m, herbfield and fellfield above 500 m; rocky shore
with
Durvillea kelp, Macrocystis beds in deeper water Forest
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
187 |
0 |
0 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
9 |
6 |
1 |
| Mammals |
3 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Plants:
228 vascular plants, including 44 ferns, 41 aliens
Pleurophyllum (3 species)
Cyathia smithii, southernmost tree fern in the world
Invertebrates:
several hundred species, high endemism
Birds:
46 breeding species, 5 land birds, 8 endemics
Pachyptila desolata alter (Auckland Island Prion) endemic
Leucocarbo colensoi (Auckland Island Shag) endemic
Anas aucklandica aucklandica (Auckland Island Teal) endemic
Rallus pectoralis muelleri (Auckland Island Rail) endemic
Charadrius bicinctus exilis (Auckland Island Banded Dotterel) endemic,
rare
Coencorypha aucklandica aucklandica (Auckland Island Snipe) endemic
Anthus novaezelandiae aucklandicus (Auckland Island Pipit) endemic
Petroica macrocephala marrineri (Auckland Island Tomtit) endemic
Mergus australis (Auckland Island Merganser) presumed extinct
Mammals:
Phocarctos hookeri (Hooker's Sea Lion) main breeding ground
SPECIES RICHNESS:
Species Richness Indicator - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 0
poor
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 2 Group: 2
moderate
Marine endemic species: 0
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 0
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 2 Marine: 0
seabird/penguin rookery, seal rookeries
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 3
many domestic introductions, impact from cats/pigs
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited, former attempts at settlement
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Maximum known population: 300
Major Human Activities: scientific research
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Heavy sealing to 1930s, then whaling; maori settlement 1842-1856,
whaling
settlement 1949-1952; attempts at sheep farming 1874-77 and 1895-1910;
incidental catch of Hooker's sea lion in squid trawl fishery near island
Conservation support: tenure, government and public support, legislation
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 442.5 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
Auckland Islands Nature Reserve (44250 ha)
DATA RELIABILITY: good Data Rel. Indicator: 3
HUMAN IMPACT INDEX HI: 3
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 21 Very high
CI-Marine: 5 Moderate
REFERENCES:
Clark, M.R. and Dingwall, P.R. 1985. Conservation of islands in the
Southern
Ocean: a review of the protected areas of Insulantarctica. IUCN,
Gland and
Cambridge. 193 p.
Last updated: 30/06/89
Bounty Islands - including Depot,Ruatara,Penguin,Lion,etc [1490]
Group: Archipelago: Bounty Islands
Country: New Zealand - Bounty Islands
Lat: 47.70º S Long : 179. 5º E
Area: 1.4 sq. km Altitude: 88 m
Depth to nearest land: 1000 m
Nearest island: 200 km group: 600 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2500 km Isolation Index: 89
ISLAND TYPE: continental Natural Protection Indicator: 5
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Over 20 small islands, islets and rocks in three groups:
Main, Centre and East; granitic of early Jurassic age; bare
and spray swept, no soil, summer guano deposits
CLIMATE: moderate cool temperate mean 10øC, 1000-1500 mm
ECOSYSTEMS: Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 1
No terrestrial vegetation apart from lichens and green algae on
sheltered rock
faces, seabird and seal colonies; rocky shores with bull kelp
(Durvillea)
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
0 |
2 |
1 |
| Mammals |
1 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Plants:
only lichens and algae
Invertebrates:
11 terrestrial arthropods with high endemism, 4 monotypic genera
8 insects, 2 spiders, 1 amphipod
Birds:
7 breeding seabirds, 2 endemic
Leucocarbo ranfurlyi (Bounty Island Shag) endemic, rare, 550 pairs
(1982)
Pachyptila crassirostris crassirostris (Fulmar Prion) endemic
Diomedia cauta salvini (Salvin's mollymawk) endemic to Bounty and
Snares
Islands, abundant
Eudyptes sclateri (Erect-crested Penguin) abundant
Mammals:
Arctocephalus forsteri (New Zealand Fur Seal) largest breeding
population,
16000 (1980)
Marine Life:
75 molluscs, 8 echinoderms
SPECIES RICHNESS:
Species Richness Indicator - Terrestrial: 0 Marine: 2
few
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 1 Group: 1
2 seabirds, invertebrates
Marine endemic species: 0
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 0
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 2 Marine: 0
seabird/penguin rookery, seal rookery
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 0
no introductions
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited, none
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Major Human Activities: nature conservation
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Sealing decimated populations by 1830, now recovering;
occasional scientific expeditions
Conservation support: tenure, government and public support, legislation
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 1.4 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
Bounty Islands Nature Reserve (135 ha)
DATA RELIABILITY: good Data Rel. Indicator: 3
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 9 Moderate
CI-Marine: 10 Moderate
REFERENCES:
Clark, M.R. and Dingwall, P.R. 1985. Conservation of islands in the
Southern
Ocean: a review of the protected areas of Insulantarctica. IUCN,
Gland and
Cambridge. 193 p.
Last updated: 01/07/89
Campbell - including Dent, Jaquemart, Gomez [832]
Group: Archipelago: Campbell Islands
Country: New Zealand - Campbell Island
Lat: 52.55º S Long : 169.18º W
Area: 113.3 sq. km Altitude: 567 m
Shoreline: 90.3 km (scale 1:1000000) Coastal Index: 0.7970
Depth to nearest land: >201 m
Nearest island: 250 km group: 700 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2200 km Isolation Index: 89
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 1
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Dissected volcanic dome, basement schists 640 million years old, with
sandstone, conglomerate, mudstone, limestone, marine volcanic sediment
and
late Miocene lava flows; well developed peat soils
CLIMATE: wet cool temperate mean 6øC (4.4-9.4ø), 1450 mm
ECOSYSTEMS: Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 1
Herbs and mosses in coastal areas, shrub or "dwarf forest" in gullies
and
sheltered areas to 180 m, tussock grassland to 300 m, herbfield above;
sphagnum bog, peat moors, cushion bog; rocky shores with kelp beds
of Durvillea and Macrocystis close to shore
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
137 |
0 |
2 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
3 |
2 |
1 |
| Mammals |
3 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Plants:
218 vascular plants, 119 mosses, 81 alien introductions
no endemics or indigenous trees
Invertebrates:
over 300 terrestrial arthropods, principally springtails and beetles
endemic freshwater midges and polychaetes
numerous spiders and land snails
Birds:
29 breeding species, 2 endemic, 3 terrestrial
Leucocarbo campbelli (Campbell Island Shag) endemic
Anas aucklandica nesiotis (Campbell Island Teal) endemic, Dent Island,
Rare
Marine life:
not diverse, nearshore fishes not abundant
SPECIES RICHNESS:
Species Richness Indicator - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 0
poor
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 1 Group: 1
2 seabirds
Marine endemic species: 0
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 0
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 3 Marine: 0
seabird/penguin rookery, seal rookeries
offshore islands of Dent and Jacquemart with petrels and prions
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 4
10 widespread plants, sheep, rats, cats
Feral sheep culled and restricted to southwest tip in 1984,
allowing vegetation to regenerate
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited, meteorological station
Population: 12 (1984) Density: 0.1 persons/sq. km
Growth Rate: 0.0%/yr Stable
Major Human Activities: weather station, scientific research,, limited tourism
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Sealing to 1830s depleted stocks, whaling station 1909-1916;
sheep-farming and
cattle 1895-1931 with burning of scrub for pasture, causing erosion and
major
vegetation changes, 4000 sheep and over 20 cattle left on island; coast
watch
and weather station 1941-present. Offshore Dent and Jacquemart islets
are
little disturbed and have no introductions.
Habitat: research station and huts Urban Pop: 0 Urban Indicator: 0
Conservation support: tenure, government and public support, legislation
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 113.3 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
Campbell Islands Nature Reserve (11,331 ha)
DATA RELIABILITY: good Data Rel. Indicator: 3
HUMAN IMPACT INDEX HI: 3
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 17 High
CI-Marine: 2 Low
REFERENCES:
Clark, M.R. and Dingwall, P.R. 1985. Conservation of islands in the
Southern
Ocean: a review of the protected areas of Insulantarctica. IUCN,
Gland and
Cambridge. 193 p.
Last updated: 01/07/89
Chatham (Rekohua) [836]
Group: Archipelago: Chatham Islands
Country: New Zealand - Chatham Islands
Lat: 43.92º S Long : 176.52º W
Area: 744.6 sq. km Altitude: 283 m
Shoreline: 338.9 km (scale 1:1000000) Coastal Index: 0.4551
Depth to nearest land: 1000 m
Nearest island: 600 km group: 600 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2800 km Isolation Index: 102
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 1
ECOSYSTEMS:
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 3
cats, rats
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
HUMAN IMPACT INDEX HI: 3
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 1 Low
CI-Marine: 1 Low
Last updated: 20/08/88
D'Urville [1478]
Group: South Island Archipelago: New Zealand
Country: New Zealand Region: Cook Strait
Lat: 40.88º S Long : 173.90º W
Area: 0.0 sq. km Altitude: ? m
Depth to nearest land: <100 m Island only isolated since last ice age
Nearest island: 1 km group: 1 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2000 km Isolation Index: 47
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 2
CLIMATE: temperate
ECOSYSTEMS:
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited, ?
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 2 Low
CI-Marine: 2 Low
Last updated: 29/07/90
Disappointment [1219]
Group: Archipelago: Auckland Islands
Country: New Zealand - Auckland Islands
Lat: 50.61º S Long : 165.98º E
Area: 4.0 sq. km Altitude: 315 m
Shoreline: 9.4 km (scale 1:300000) Coastal Index: 2.3500
Depth to nearest land: >201 m
Nearest island: 8 km group: 460 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1900 km Isolation Index: 68
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 2
CLIMATE: wet cool temperate
ECOSYSTEMS:
Coastal grassland of Poa species
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Major Human Activities: scientific research
Conservation support: tenure, government and public support, legislation
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 4.0 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
DATA RELIABILITY: good Data Rel. Indicator: 3
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 2 Low
CI-Marine: 2 Low
Last updated: 30/06/89
Enderby [1222]
Group: Archipelago: Auckland Islands
Country: New Zealand - Auckland Islands
Lat: 50.50º S Long : 166.30º E
Area: 7.1 sq. km Altitude: ? m
Shoreline: 12.7 km (scale 1:300000) Coastal Index: 1.7887
Depth to nearest land: >201 m
Nearest island: 5 km group: 460 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1900 km Isolation Index: 67
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 1
CLIMATE: wet cool temperate mean 8øC, 1500-2000 mm
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: fire has considerably modified
Threat Indicator: 0
ECOSYSTEMS:
Species Richness Indicator - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 0
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 2
Marine endemic species: 0
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 0
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 2 Marine: 0
seabird rookery, major sea lion rookery
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 4
Cattle, mice, rabbits, formerly goats, sheep, pigs
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Major Human Activities: scientific research
Conservation support: tenure, government and public support, legislation
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 7.1 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
DATA RELIABILITY: good Data Rel. Indicator: 3
HUMAN IMPACT INDEX HI: 4
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 7 Moderate
CI-Marine: 1 Low
Last updated: 30/06/89
Ewing (Erving) [1467]
Group: Archipelago: Auckland Islands
Country: New Zealand - Auckland Islands: Pacific
Lat: 50.32º SLong: 166.19º E
Area: 0.0 sq. km Altitude: ? m
ISLAND TYPE:
Great Barrier [1592]
Group: Archipelago: New Zealand
Country: New Zealand
Lat: 36.23º S Long : 175.43º E
Area: 0.0 sq. km Altitude: ? m
Depth to nearest land: <100 m Island only isolated since last ice age
Nearest island: 16 km group: 16 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2200 km Isolation Index: 55
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 0
CLIMATE: temperate
ECOSYSTEMS:
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Accessibility: airport
Last updated: 01/02/89
Hen and Chicken [1593]
Group: Archipelago: New Zealand
Country: New Zealand
Lat: 35.89º S Long : 174.74º E
Area: 0.0 sq. km Altitude: ? m
Depth to nearest land: <100 m Island only isolated since last ice age
Nearest island: 5 km group: 12 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2200 km Isolation Index: 53
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS:
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 2 Low
CI-Marine: 2 Low
Last updated: 01/02/89
Little Barrier Island [1210]
Group: Archipelago: New Zealand
Country: New Zealand: Pacific
Lat: 36.20º SLong: 175.12º E
Area: 0.0 sq. km Altitude: ? m
ISLAND TYPE:
Little Mangere [1287]
Group: Archipelago: Chatham Islands
Country: New Zealand - Chatham Islands
Lat: 44.28º S Long : 176.30º W
Area: 0.0 sq. km Altitude: ? m
Depth to nearest land: 1000 m
Nearest island: 3 km group: 600 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2800 km Isolation Index: 79
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS:
Scrub forest (5 ha) deteriorating
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 2 Low
CI-Marine: 2 Low
Last updated: 27/11/88
Macauley [1211]
Group: Archipelago: Kermadec Islands
Country: New Zealand - Kermadec Islands Region: Oceania 6
Lat: 30.23º S Long : 178.43º W
Area: 3.7 sq. km Altitude: 238 m
Shoreline: 7.3 km (scale 1:300000) Coastal Index: 1.9730
Depth to nearest land: 2000 m
Nearest island: 100 km group: 900 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2600 km Isolation Index: 91
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 2
CLIMATE: subtropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: volcanic eruptions, cyclones
Threat Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS: Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 2
Former forest replaced by grassland with occasional bushes
Species Richness Indicator - Terrestrial: 0 Marine: 2
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 2
Marine endemic species: 0
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0 Group: 1
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 0
ravaged by feral goats until elimination in 1966
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Conservation support: government support, tenure, legislation
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 3.7 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
DATA RELIABILITY: partial Data Rel. Indicator: 2
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 6 Moderate
CI-Marine: 12 Moderate
Last updated: 19/11/88
Mangere [1286]
Group: Archipelago: Chatham Islands
Country: New Zealand - Chatham Islands
Lat: 44.27º S Long : 176.28º E
Area: 0.0 sq. km Altitude: ? m
Depth to nearest land: 1000 m
Nearest island: 2 km group: 600 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2800 km Isolation Index: 79
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS:
Woodland
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
0 |
0 |
1 |
| Mammals |
0 |
0 |
0 |
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 2 Low
CI-Marine: 2 Low
Last updated: 27/11/88
North East Snares Islands - including Broughton, Western Chain, etc. [1209]
Group: Archipelago: Snares Islands
Country: New Zealand
Lat: 47.91º S Long : 166.60º E
Area: 2.8 sq. km Altitude: 130 m
Shoreline: 11.7 km (scale 1:300000) Coastal Index: 4.1786
Depth to nearest land: <200 m
Nearest island: 100 km group: 200 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1770 km Isolation Index: 66
ISLAND TYPE: continental Natural Protection Indicator: 2
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Total area of group 3.28 km}: North East (2.8 km}, 130 m), Broughton (86
m),
Alert Stack (40 m), and Western Chain of Rima (44 m), Wha (37 m), Toru
(45 m),
Rua (29 m) and Tahi (33 m); jointed granite islands; North East with
steep
cliffs to west, gentle gullies sloping to east, widespread peat soils
CLIMATE: moderate cool temperate mean 11øC, 1200 mm
ECOSYSTEMS: Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 3 Marine: 1
Forest of Olearia lyallii, with some Senecio stewartiae, ferns in
subcanopy
and gullies, dense scrub on forest margins, grassland in coastal areas
between
cliffs and forest, and on Broughton Island; islets of Western Chain are
bare;
rocky coasts with Durvillea kelp Forest
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
18 |
1 |
2 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
5 |
4 |
0 |
| Mammals |
2 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Plants:
20 vascular plants (2 introduced), 27 mosses/bryophytes, 6 fungi, 45
lichens, 1 endemic
Anisotome acutifolia (herb) endemic, endangered, in small patches
Stilbocarpa robusta, endemic to the Snares and Little Solander,
endangered
Invertebrates:
250 species, high endemism among insects
Birds:
23 breeding birds, 5 terrestrial, 4 endemic
Petroica macrocephala dannefaerdi (Snares Tomtit) endemic
Bowdleria punctata caudata (Snares Fernbird) endemic
Coenocorypha aucklandica huegeli (Snares Island Snipe) endemic
Eudyptes robustus (Snares Crested Penguin) endemic, abundant
Diomedia cauta salvini (Salvin's Mollymawk) only on Snares (Western
Chain)
and Bounty Islands
Diomedia bulleri (Buller's Mollymawk) only on Snares, Chatham and
Solander
Islands
Puffinus griseus (Sooty Shearwater) 2.75 million burrow-holding pairs
(1982)
Mammals:
4 seals, 2 breeding
Marine life:
Cellana strigilis flemingi (limpet) endemic
SPECIES RICHNESS:
few
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 1 Group: 2
moderate
Marine endemic species: 1
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 1 Group: 1
1 limpet
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 2 Marine: 0
seabird/penguin rookery, seal rookeries
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 0
2 introduced plants, no alien mammals
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited, research expeditions, up to 6 people
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Major Human Activities: scientific research, crayfishing
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Some prehistoric Maori presence; discovered 1791, heavy
sealing with gangs often left on the islands; crayfishing
around island since 1952; University of Canterbury biological
station since 1961; tourist landings not permitted
Habitat: research station Urban Pop: 0 Urban Indicator: 0
Conservation support: tenure, government and public support, legislation
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 8 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 3.3 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
Snares Islands National Reserve (328 ha) entire island group
DATA RELIABILITY: good Data Rel. Indicator: 3
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 17 High
CI-Marine: 9 Moderate
REFERENCES:
Clark, M.R. and Dingwall, P.R. 1985. Conservation of islands in the
Southern
Ocean: a review of the protected areas of Insulantarctica. IUCN,
Gland and
Cambridge. 193 p.
Last updated: 01/07/89
North Island [838]
Group: Archipelago: New Zealand
Country: New Zealand
Lat: 38.00º S Long : 176.00º E
Area: 111582.8 sq. km Altitude: 2796 m
Island too large for adequate coverage in this directory
Shoreline: 3435.7 km (scale 1:8108000) Coastal Index: 0.0308
Depth to nearest land: 4000 m
Nearest island: 50 km group: 1500 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1800 km Isolation Index: 88
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 0
ECOSYSTEMS:
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Last updated: 20/08/88
Pitt (Rangiauria) [1224]
Group: Archipelago: Chatham Islands
Country: New Zealand - Chatham Islands
Lat: 44.28º S Long : 176.23º W
Area: 65.9 sq. km Altitude: 241 m
Shoreline: 46.3 km (scale 1:1000000) Coastal Index: 0.7026
Depth to nearest land: 1000 m
Nearest island: 20 km group: 660 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2800 km Isolation Index: 83
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 1
ECOSYSTEMS:
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 2
cats
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited, ?
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Conservation support: government support
HUMAN IMPACT INDEX HI: 2
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 1 Low
CI-Marine: 1 Low
Last updated: 22/08/88
Rangatira [1208]
Group: Archipelago: Chatham Islands
Country: New Zealand - Chatham Islands: Pacific
Lat: 44.35º SLong: 176.17º W
Area: 2.6 sq. km Altitude: ? m Shoreline: 7.1 km (scale 1:300000)
ISLAND TYPE:
Raoul (Sunday) - including Meyer, Napier, Nugent, Dayrell [1212]
Group: Archipelago: Kermadec Islands
Country: New Zealand - Kermadec Islands Region: Oceania 6
Lat: 29.37º S Long : 177.92º W
Area: 29.8 sq. km Altitude: 516 m
Shoreline: 31.8 km (scale 1:300000) Coastal Index: 1.0671
Depth to nearest land: 2000 m
Nearest island: 800 km group: 800 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 2600 km Isolation Index: 108
ISLAND TYPE: volcanic Natural Protection Indicator: 1
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Active volcano (eruption 1964) with central crater, rich soil
CLIMATE: subtropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: volcanic eruptions (1964), cyclones
Threat Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS: Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 5 Marine: 2
Lowland dry forest with Metrosideros below 240 m; subtropical rain
forest with
Metrosideros kermadecensis and tree ferns; higher vegetation with tree
ferns,
palm Rhopalostylis and epiphytes; Myosporum scrub near coast; three
lakes;
tropical/temperate coastal marine ecosystems with corals but no coral
reefs.
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
113 |
23 |
6 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
30 |
4 |
0 |
| Mammals |
0 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Plants:
195 vascular plant species, including 113 native species, 23 endemics
Doodia milnei (Blechnaceae) endemic, Rare
Cyathea kermadecensis (Cyatheaceae) endemic, endangered
Cyathea milnei (Cyatheaceae) endemic
Pseudopanax arboreus var. kermadecensis (Araliaceae) endemic variety,
Endangered
Senecio lautus var esperensis (Compositae) endemic variety, Rare
Homalanthus polyandrus (Euphorbiaceae) endemic, Endangered
Coprosma acutifolia (Rubiaceae) endemic, Endangered
Hebe breviracemosa (Scrophulariaceae) endemic, Endangered, one plant
has
been found
Boehmeria australis var dealbata (Urticaceae) endemic variety,
Endangered
Lepidium oleraceum (Cruciferae) unKnown, Vulnerable throughout range
Rorippa gigantea (Cruciferae) unKnown, Vulnerable throughout range
Ipomoea pes-caprae ssp. brasiliensis
Nephrolepis cordifolia, rare
Christella dentata, endangered
Birds:
30 species, 4 endemic
Marine life:
112 coastal fish species, 3 endemic
Species Richness Indicator - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 1
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 2 Group: 2
Marine endemic species: 3
Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 2 Group: 1
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 2 Marine: 0
major seabird rookery
active volcano
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 0
introduced plants and feral animals now being cont
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited, weather station/supervisory personnel
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Considerable impact from introduced plants and feral animals
before recent control measures
Conservation support: government support, tenure, legislation
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 29.8 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
Kermadec Islands Nature Reserve (3342 ha); marine reserve proposed 1987
DATA RELIABILITY: partial Data Rel. Indicator: 2
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 17 High
CI-Marine: 15 High
REFERENCES:
Last updated: 19/11/88
Resolution [833]
Group: Archipelago: New Zealand
Country: New Zealand Region: Tasman Sea
Lat: 45.67º S Long : 166.60º E
Area: 211.0 sq. km Altitude: 1067 m
Shoreline: 98.1 km (scale 1:1000000) Coastal Index: 0.4649
Depth to nearest land: <100 m Island only isolated since last ice age
Nearest island: 1 km group: 1 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1650 km Isolation Index: 43
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS:
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited, ?
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 2 Low
CI-Marine: 2 Low
Last updated: 20/08/88
Secretary [1225]
Group: Archipelago: New Zealand
Country: New Zealand Region: Tasman Sea
Lat: 45.22º S Long : 166.90º E
Area: 82.2 sq. km Altitude: 1195 m
Shoreline: 45.1 km (scale 1:1000000) Coastal Index: 0.5487
Depth to nearest land: <200 m Island only isolated since last ice age
Nearest island: 1 km group: 1 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 650 km Isolation Index: 27
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS:
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited, ?
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 2 Low
CI-Marine: 2 Low
Last updated: 22/08/88
South Island [839]
Group: Archipelago: New Zealand
Country: New Zealand
Lat: 43.50º S Long : 170.50º E
Area: 145836.4 sq. km Altitude: 3764 m
Island too large for adequate coverage in this directory
Shoreline: 3199.1 km (scale 1:8108000) Coastal Index: 0.0219
Depth to nearest land: 4000 m
Nearest island: 50 km group: 1500 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1600 km Isolation Index: 86
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 0
ECOSYSTEMS:
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Last updated: 20/08/88
Stewart [837]
Group: Archipelago: New Zealand
Country: New Zealand: Pacific
Lat: 46.95º SLong: 167.90º E
Area: 1814.7 sq. km Altitude: 980 m Shoreline: 440.7 km (scale 1:1000000)
ISLAND TYPE:
Three Kings [1221]
Group: Three Kings Islands Archipelago: New Zealand
Country: New Zealand
Lat: 33.28º S Long : 172.13º E
Area: 7.1 sq. km Altitude: 280 m
Shoreline: 13.2 km (scale 1:300000) Coastal Index: 1.8592
Depth to nearest land: >101 m
Nearest island: 50 km group: 50 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1800 km Isolation Index: 57
ISLAND TYPE: Natural Protection Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS:
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited
Population: 0 Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
PROTECTED AREAS: Protected Area Coverage Indicators - Terrestrial: 7 Marine: 0
Number: 1 Area: Terrestrial: 6.8 sq. km Marine: 0 sq. km
DATA RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 1
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 2 Low
CI-Marine: 2 Low
Last updated: 23/10/90
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